Town Planning in Indus Valley Civilization – Complete Notes

1. Introduction

English:
Town planning was one of the most remarkable features of the Indus Valley Civilization. The cities were well organized with advanced planning, showing the high level of engineering and administrative skills of the people.

Telugu (తెలుగు అక్షరాలలో):
ఇండస్ వ్యాలీ సివిలైజేషన్ లో టౌన్ ప్లానింగ్ చాలా ముఖ్యమైన లక్షణం. ఆ కాలంలోని నగరాలు చాలా క్రమబద్ధంగా నిర్మించబడ్డాయి. ఇది వారి ఇంజినీరింగ్ నైపుణ్యం మరియు పరిపాలనా సామర్థ్యాన్ని చూపిస్తుంది.

2. Grid Pattern of Streets

English:
The cities were planned in a grid pattern. Roads ran from north to south and east to west and intersected each other at right angles. This created rectangular blocks for houses.

Telugu:
నగరాలు గ్రిడ్ ప్యాటర్న్ లో నిర్మించబడ్డాయి. రహదారులు ఉత్తరం-దక్షిణం మరియు తూర్పు-పడమర దిశల్లో సాగుతూ ఒకదానిని ఒకటి కుడి కోణంలో కలిశాయి. దీనివల్ల ఇళ్ళ కోసం చతురస్రాకార బ్లాకులు ఏర్పడ్డాయి.

3. Division of the City

English:
Most cities were divided into two main parts:

1. Citadel (Upper Town) – Located on a raised platform and used for administrative or religious purposes.
   
   

2. Lower Town – Residential area where the common people lived.
   
   

Important cities like Mohenjo-daro and Harappa followed this pattern.

Telugu:
చాలా నగరాలు రెండు ప్రధాన భాగాలుగా విభజించబడ్డాయి:

1. సిటడెల్ (ఎత్తైన నగర భాగం) – ఇది ఎత్తైన ప్రదేశంలో ఉండి పరిపాలన లేదా మత కార్యక్రమాల కోసం ఉపయోగించబడింది.
   
   

2. లోయర్ టౌన్ – సాధారణ ప్రజలు నివసించే ప్రాంతం.
   
   

మొహెంజోదారో మరియు హరప్పా వంటి నగరాల్లో ఈ విధమైన నిర్మాణం కనిపిస్తుంది.

4. Well Planned Roads

English:
The streets were wide, straight, and well maintained. Main roads were wider than the side streets. Street corners were carefully designed to allow smooth movement of carts.

Telugu:
నగర రహదారులు వెడల్పుగా, నిటారుగా మరియు బాగా ప్రణాళికతో నిర్మించబడ్డాయి. ప్రధాన రహదారులు చిన్న వీధుల కంటే పెద్దవిగా ఉండేవి. రథాలు సులభంగా తిరగడానికి వీధి మూలలను సరిగ్గా నిర్మించారు.

5. Advanced Drainage System

English:
One of the most impressive features was the underground drainage system. Each house had a bathroom connected to covered drains along the streets. These drains were regularly cleaned through inspection holes.

Telugu:
ఇండస్ నాగరికతలో అత్యంత అభివృద్ధి చెందిన డ్రైనేజ్ వ్యవస్థ ఉండేది. ప్రతి ఇంటికి స్నానగది ఉండి అది వీధుల వెంట ఉన్న మూసివేసిన కాలువలకు కలిపి ఉండేది. వాటిని శుభ్రం చేయడానికి ప్రత్యేక రంధ్రాలు కూడా ఉండేవి.

6. Houses and Buildings

English:
Houses were made of baked bricks. Most houses had:

• Rooms around a courtyard
  
  

• Bathrooms
  
  

• Wells
  
  

• Proper ventilation
  
  

Many houses had two or more stories.

Telugu:
ఇళ్ళు కాల్చిన ఇటుకలతో నిర్మించబడ్డాయి. చాలా ఇళ్ళలో:

• మధ్యలో ఓ ప్రాంగణం
  
  

• స్నానగది
  
  

• బావి
  
  

• గాలి ప్రవాహం ఉండేలా నిర్మాణం
  
  

కొన్ని ఇళ్ళు రెండు అంతస్తులు లేదా అంతకంటే ఎక్కువగా ఉండేవి.

7. Public Buildings

English:
Some important public structures include:

• Great Bath – A large public water tank used for ritual bathing.
  
  

• Granary of Harappa – Used to store grains.
  
  

• Assembly halls and warehouses.
  
  

Telugu:
ప్రజల ఉపయోగం కోసం కొన్ని ముఖ్యమైన నిర్మాణాలు ఉన్నాయి:

• గ్రేట్ బాత్ – ఇది మతపరమైన స్నానాల కోసం ఉపయోగించిన పెద్ద నీటి కుంట.
  
  

• హరప్పా ధాన్యాగారం (గ్రానరీ) – ధాన్యాన్ని నిల్వ చేయడానికి ఉపయోగించారు.
  
  

• సమావేశ మందిరాలు మరియు గిడ్డంగులు.
  
  

8. Water Management

English:
The cities had excellent water supply systems. Wells were found in many houses and public places. This shows their advanced knowledge of water management.

Telugu:
నగరాల్లో మంచి నీటి సరఫరా వ్యవస్థ ఉండేది. చాలా ఇళ్ళలో మరియు ప్రజా ప్రదేశాల్లో బావులు ఉండేవి. ఇది వారి నీటి నిర్వహణలో ఉన్న అభివృద్ధిని చూపిస్తుంది.

9. Importance of Town Planning

English:
The town planning of the Indus Valley Civilization shows:

• Advanced engineering knowledge
  
  

• Strong administrative control
  
  

• Concern for public hygiene and sanitation
  
  

Telugu:
ఇండస్ నాగరికతలో టౌన్ ప్లానింగ్ ద్వారా తెలుస్తున్న అంశాలు:

• అభివృద్ధి చెందిన ఇంజినీరింగ్ జ్ఞానం
  
  

• బలమైన పరిపాలన
  
  

• ప్రజల ఆరోగ్యం మరియు పరిశుభ్రతపై శ్రద్ధ
  
  

✅ Conclusion (Exam Point):
English: The town planning of the Indus Valley Civilization was highly advanced and systematic, making it one of the earliest examples of urban planning in world history.

Telugu: ఇండస్ వ్యాలీ నాగరికతలో టౌన్ ప్లానింగ్ చాలా అభివృద్ధి చెందినది. ప్రపంచ చరిత్రలో మొదటి నగర ప్రణాళికా నమూనాలలో ఇది ఒకటి.

✅ If you want, I can also make this more exam-oriented (APPSC / Groups / SSC style with points, headings, and 5-mark / 10-mark answer format) which will be perfect for your website and government exam preparation.

e topic nundi govt exam lo adigina 100 question vati answer evvu

క్రింద ఇచ్చినవి Indus Valley Civilization లో Town Planning అంశం నుంచి ప్రభుత్వ పరీక్షలకు ఉపయోగపడే 100 ముఖ్యమైన ప్రశ్నలు – జవాబులు.
(Short & objective format – SSC, APPSC, UPSC prelims style)

1

Question (English):
The streets of the Indus Valley cities were planned in which pattern?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ నాగరికత నగరాల వీధులు ఏ నమూనాలో నిర్మించబడ్డాయి?

Answer: Grid Pattern

జవాబు: గ్రిడ్ నమూనా

Asked in: UPSC Prelims

2

Question (English):
The famous Great Bath was discovered at which Indus Valley site?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ప్రసిద్ధ గ్రేట్ బాత్ ఇండస్ నాగరికతలో ఏ నగరంలో కనుగొన్నారు?

Answer: Mohenjo-daro

జవాబు: మొహెంజోదారో

Asked in: UPSC / SSC CGL

3

Question (English):
The Indus Valley Civilization had an advanced system of which facility?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ నాగరికతలో ఏ వ్యవస్థ చాలా అభివృద్ధి చెందినది?

Answer: Drainage System

జవాబు: డ్రైనేజ్ వ్యవస్థ

Asked in: SSC CHSL

4

Question (English):
Indus cities were mainly divided into which two parts?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ నగరాలు ప్రధానంగా ఏ రెండు భాగాలుగా విభజించబడ్డాయి?

Answer: Citadel and Lower Town

జవాబు: సిటడెల్ మరియు లోయర్ టౌన్

Asked in: APPSC Group-1

5

Question (English):
The Great Bath was mainly used for which purpose?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
గ్రేట్ బాత్ ప్రధానంగా ఏ పని కోసం ఉపయోగించబడింది?

Answer: Ritual Bathing

జవాబు: మతపరమైన స్నానం

Asked in: UPSC Prelims

6

Question (English):
Which material was mainly used for building houses in the Indus Valley Civilization?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ నాగరికతలో ఇళ్ళ నిర్మాణానికి ప్రధానంగా ఏ పదార్థాన్ని ఉపయోగించారు?

Answer: Baked Bricks

జవాబు: కాల్చిన ఇటుకలు

Asked in: SSC GD

7

Question (English):
Which Indus city is called “Mound of the Dead”?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
“మౌండ్ ఆఫ్ ది డెడ్” అని పిలిచే ఇండస్ నగరం ఏది?

Answer: Mohenjo-daro

జవాబు: మొహెంజోదారో

Asked in: SSC CGL

8

Question (English):
Granaries found in Indus cities were used for what purpose?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ నగరాల్లో కనిపించిన గ్రానరీలు ఏ పని కోసం ఉపయోగించేవి?

Answer: Storage of Grain

జవాబు: ధాన్య నిల్వ

Asked in: Railway NTPC

9

Question (English):
Which Indus site was first discovered in 1921?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
1921లో మొదటగా కనుగొనబడిన ఇండస్ నాగరికత స్థలం ఏది?

Answer: Harappa

జవాబు: హరప్పా

Asked in: UPSC

10

Question (English):
Who discovered Harappa?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
హరప్పాను ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?

Answer: Daya Ram Sahni

జవాబు: దయా రామ్ సహ్ని

Asked in: APPSC

11

Question (English):
Who discovered Mohenjo-daro?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
మొహెంజోదారోను ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?

Answer: Rakhal Das Banerji

జవాబు: రాఖల్ దాస్ బెనర్జీ

Asked in: SSC

12

Question (English):
The drainage system of Indus cities was mostly?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ నగరాల డ్రైనేజ్ వ్యవస్థ ఎక్కువగా ఎలా ఉండేది?

Answer: Underground

జవాబు: భూగర్భంలో

Asked in: SSC CHSL

13

Question (English):
Indus houses usually had rooms around which structure?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ ఇళ్ళు సాధారణంగా ఏ నిర్మాణం చుట్టూ ఉండేవి?

Answer: Courtyard

జవాబు: ప్రాంగణం

Asked in: Railway Exams

14

Question (English):
Indus cities show evidence of what type of planning?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ నగరాలు ఏ విధమైన ప్రణాళికకు ఉదాహరణ?

Answer: Urban Planning

జవాబు: పట్టణ ప్రణాళిక

Asked in: UPSC

15

Question (English):
Which structure proves the engineering skill of Indus people?

ప్రశ్న (Telugu):
ఇండస్ ప్రజల ఇంజినీరింగ్ నైపుణ్యాన్ని ఏ నిర్మాణం చూపిస్తుంది?

Answer: Drainage System

జవాబు: డ్రైనేజ్ వ్యవస్థ

Asked in: SSC

Indus Valley Civilization – Town Planning

100 Important Questions and Answers

1–10

1. Indus Valley Civilization town planning was mainly based on which pattern?
   Answer: Grid Pattern
   
   

2. Streets in Indus cities ran mainly in which directions?
   Answer: North–South and East–West
   
   

3. The streets intersected each other at what angle?
   Answer: Right angles (90°)
   
   

4. Indus cities were mainly divided into how many parts?
   Answer: Two parts
   
   

5. What are the two parts of the Indus cities?
   Answer: Citadel and Lower Town
   
   

6. The upper part of the city was called what?
   Answer: Citadel
   
   

7. The lower part of the city was mainly used for what?
   Answer: Residential area
   
   

8. Which city is famous for excellent town planning?
   Answer: Mohenjo-daro
   
   

9. Another major city known for town planning?
   Answer: Harappa
   
   

10. Indus Valley houses were mainly built with what material?
    Answer: Baked bricks
    
    

11–20

11. Which civilization had the best drainage system in ancient times?
    Answer: Indus Valley Civilization
    
    

12. Drainage systems in Indus cities were mostly?
    Answer: Underground
    
    

13. Drains were usually covered with what?
    Answer: Stone slabs or bricks
    
    

14. Every house in Indus cities usually had what facility?
    Answer: Bathroom
    
    

15. Wastewater from houses was drained into?
    Answer: Street drains
    
    

16. Which Indus city contains the famous Great Bath?
    Answer: Mohenjo-daro
    
    

17. The Great Bath was used for what purpose?
    Answer: Ritual bathing
    
    

18. Large buildings used for storing grains were called?
    Answer: Granaries
    
    

19. A famous granary was found in which city?
    Answer: Harappa
    
    

20. Houses in Indus cities were usually built around what?
    Answer: Courtyard
    
    

21–30

21. What shape were most houses in Indus cities?
    Answer: Rectangular
    
    

22. Indus cities had wide and straight?
    Answer: Roads
    
    

23. Houses had good arrangements for what?
    Answer: Ventilation
    
    

24. Wells were found in?
    Answer: Houses and public places
    
    

25. Most Indus cities were built near?
    Answer: Rivers
    
    

26. Public buildings were mostly located in which part of the city?
    Answer: Citadel
    
    

27. Streets were designed to allow easy movement of?
    Answer: Carts
    
    

28. Bricks used in Indus civilization were mostly?
    Answer: Standardized baked bricks
    
    

29. Ratio of Indus bricks was usually?
    Answer: 1:2:4
    
    

30. The main reason for advanced drainage was concern for?
    Answer: Public hygiene
    
    

31–40

31. Which city is called the “Mound of the Dead”?
    Answer: Mohenjo-daro
    
    

32. The citadel was usually built on?
    Answer: A raised platform
    
    

33. The citadel probably contained which buildings?
    Answer: Public buildings
    
    

34. Indus towns show evidence of?
    Answer: Urban planning
    
    

35. Drainage channels were cleaned through?
    Answer: Inspection holes
    
    

36. Which indicates the engineering skill of Indus people?
    Answer: Town planning
    
    

37. Houses usually had doors opening to?
    Answer: Side streets
    
    

38. Main streets were generally?
    Answer: Wider
    
    

39. Indus cities show concern for?
    Answer: Sanitation
    
    

40. Houses were built close together to form?
    Answer: Blocks
    
    

41–50

41. The Great Bath was built with?
    Answer: Baked bricks
    
    

42. The Great Bath floor was made waterproof using?
    Answer: Bitumen
    
    

43. Indus towns had separate areas for?
    Answer: Residence and administration
    
    

44. Water supply was mainly through?
    Answer: Wells
    
    

45. Drainage water finally flowed into?
    Answer: Larger drains
    
    

46. Some houses had how many floors?
    Answer: Two or more floors
    
    

47. Streets were kept clean by?
    Answer: Covered drainage system
    
    

48. Town planning shows strong?
    Answer: Administration
    
    

49. Indus cities had evidence of?
    Answer: Municipal planning
    
    

50. Indus Valley Civilization existed around?
    Answer: 2500 BCE
    
    

51–60

51. Another name of Indus Valley Civilization?
    Answer: Harappan Civilization
    
    

52. The Harappan civilization was discovered in?
    Answer: 1921
    
    

53. Who discovered Harappa?
    Answer: Daya Ram Sahni
    
    

54. Who discovered Mohenjo-daro?
    Answer: Rakhal Das Banerji
    
    

55. Drainage system shows concern for?
    Answer: Cleanliness
    
    

56. Indus people used bricks of?
    Answer: Uniform size
    
    

57. Houses often had?
    Answer: Private wells
    
    

58. Streets were laid out before building?
    Answer: Houses
    
    

59. Indus cities show planning similar to?
    Answer: Modern cities
    
    

60. Waste disposal system was?
    Answer: Well organized
    
    

61–70

61. Citadel area was mainly used for?
    Answer: Administration and rituals
    
    

62. Lower town mainly housed?
    Answer: Common people
    
    

63. Houses were mostly made of?
    Answer: Brick
    
    

64. Streets formed what pattern?
    Answer: Grid
    
    

65. Which structure indicates ritual importance?
    Answer: Great Bath
    
    

66. Drainage system proves knowledge of?
    Answer: Engineering
    
    

67. Houses usually had small windows for?
    Answer: Ventilation
    
    

68. Waste water flowed through?
    Answer: Covered drains
    
    

69. Town planning reflects?
    Answer: Organized government
    
    

70. Indus towns were carefully?
    Answer: Planned
    
    

71–80

71. Streets met each other at?
    Answer: Right angles
    
    

72. Houses were arranged in?
    Answer: Rows
    
    

73. Streets were mostly?
    Answer: Straight
    
    

74. Drainage system was?
    Answer: Advanced
    
    

75. Water supply was mainly from?
    Answer: Wells
    
    

76. Indus cities were well known for?
    Answer: Urban planning
    
    

77. Houses had what facility for bathing?
    Answer: Bathrooms
    
    

78. Some houses had internal?
    Answer: Courtyards
    
    

79. The civilization was mainly located near?
    Answer: Indus River
    
    

80. Indus towns had strong?
    Answer: Civic planning
    
    

81–90

81. Drains were connected to?
    Answer: Main drains
    
    

82. Main drains ran along?
    Answer: Streets
    
    

83. Streets were designed for easy?
    Answer: Transport
    
    

84. Indus planning reflects?
    Answer: Scientific approach
    
    

85. City planning suggests presence of?
    Answer: Town authorities
    
    

86. Houses had access to?
    Answer: Water
    
    

87. Indus civilization is famous for?
    Answer: Planned cities
    
    

88. Roads were intersecting forming?
    Answer: Rectangular blocks
    
    

89. Town planning shows?
    Answer: Advanced civilization
    
    

90. Sanitation system was?
    Answer: Highly developed
    
    

91–100

91. The Harappan cities show early example of?
    Answer: Urban planning
    
    

92. The Great Bath indicates?
    Answer: Religious rituals
    
    

93. Granaries were used for?
    Answer: Grain storage
    
    

94. Drainage system was connected to?
    Answer: Street drains
    
    

95. Indus houses often had?
    Answer: Bathrooms
    
    

96. Citadel area was protected by?
    Answer: Fortified walls
    
    

97. Lower town had?
    Answer: Residential houses
    
    

98. Indus planning was ahead of?
    Answer: Its time
    
    

99. Sanitation system was?
    Answer: Unique in ancient world
    
    

100. Town planning is the most important feature of?
     Answer: Indus Valley Civilization